The survey conducted in WM1 will inform us of current usage of proprietary decision tools in UK industry, and a desk-based review will be used to identify additional tools that are available, including academic and research-based packages, and new tools under development. We will examine some leading commercial tools, concentrating particularly on those that are in popular use with our commercial partners, and determine their current and potential ability for optimizing or accurately assessing the environmental impact of logistics activity, including the accurate reporting of sustainability KPIs. To survey the functionality of current tools we will take a three-pronged approach: 1) re-evaluation of secondary case studies; 2) empirical case studies involving the secondment of research staff on industry/government task forces; 3) computer-based simulation.